> ## Documentation index
> Fetch the complete documentation index at: https://upstash.com/docs/llms.txt
> Search it with GET https://upstash.com/docs/search?q=<query>.
> Use these to discover all available pages before exploring further.

# Hybrid Search

> Combine full-text and semantic search with HYBRID fields and retrievers.

Full-text search finds documents that contain the words of your query. Semantic search finds documents
with a similar meaning, even when they use different words. Hybrid search runs both and merges the
results into one list.

Hybrid search has two parts:

- `HYBRID` fields are indexed for both full-text and semantic search.
- [Retrievers](/redis/search/retrievers/overview) run the searches. [`$ann`](/redis/search/retrievers/ann)
  runs a semantic search, and [`$rrf`](/redis/search/retrievers/rrf) merges the results of several
  retrievers into one list.

## Hybrid fields

A `HYBRID` field is a `TEXT` field that also stores a vector embedding. Full-text queries work on it
the same way as on a `TEXT` field, and `$ann` searches its embeddings by meaning. See
[Hybrid Fields](/redis/search/schema-definition#hybrid-fields) for the field options.

- An index can have more than one `HYBRID` field.
- If the text of a document cannot be embedded, the document is still searchable by its text.
- `HYBRID` fields work with JSON, hash, string, and stream indexes.

## Create an index

Declare the fields you want to search by meaning as `HYBRID`:

<Tabs>

<Tab title="Redis CLI">
```bash
SEARCH.CREATE products ON JSON PREFIX 1 product: SCHEMA name TEXT description HYBRID category KEYWORD price F64 FAST
```
</Tab>

</Tabs>

## Add documents

Write documents as usual. Search indexes them and creates their embeddings:

<Tabs>

<Tab title="Redis CLI">
```bash
JSON.SET product:1 $ '{"name": "Studio Headphones", "description": "Over-ear headphones with active noise cancelling", "category": "audio", "price": 199}'
JSON.SET product:2 $ '{"name": "Travel Earplugs", "description": "Soft foam earplugs that keep airplane cabin sound out", "category": "travel", "price": 9}'
JSON.SET product:3 $ '{"name": "Sport Earbuds", "description": "Sweat-proof wireless earbuds for running", "category": "sports", "price": 79}'

# Wait until the documents are indexed
SEARCH.WAITINDEXING products
```
</Tab>

</Tabs>

## Search by meaning

Use [`$ann`](/redis/search/retrievers/ann) to find the documents that are closest in meaning to a
text. This query can find the earplugs, even though their description does not contain the word
"noise":

<Tabs>

<Tab title="Redis CLI">
```bash
SEARCH.QUERY products '{"$ann": {"field": "description", "query": "block noise on a flight"}}'

# Search by meaning within one category
SEARCH.QUERY products '{"$ann": {"field": "description", "query": "headphones for running", "filter": {"category": "sports"}}}'
```
</Tab>

</Tabs>

## Combine full-text and semantic search

Use [`$rrf`](/redis/search/retrievers/rrf) to run a full-text query and a semantic search, and merge
their results into one list. Documents that rank high in both come first:

<Tabs>

<Tab title="Redis CLI">
```bash
SEARCH.QUERY products '{"$rrf": {"retrievers": [{"description": "noise cancelling"}, {"$ann": {"field": "description", "query": "noise cancelling"}}]}}'
```
</Tab>

</Tabs>

To give one side more influence, set its weight. A full-text query takes a weight when you wrap it in
[`$standard`](/redis/search/retrievers/standard):

<Tabs>

<Tab title="Redis CLI">
```bash
SEARCH.QUERY products '{"$rrf": {"retrievers": [{"$standard": {"query": {"description": "noise cancelling"}, "weight": 2}}, {"$ann": {"field": "description", "query": "noise cancelling"}}]}}'
```
</Tab>

</Tabs>

## Next steps

- See [Retrievers](/redis/search/retrievers/overview) for all retriever parameters and rules.
- See [Schema Definition](/redis/search/schema-definition#hybrid-fields) for field types and options.
- See [`SEARCH.QUERY`](/redis/commands/search/search-query) for all query options.